Rebuilding Identities. A Territory-based Approach to Face Abandonment in Drino Valley (Albania)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR412Keywords:
Identities, Albanmia, Drino Valley, territory-based Approach, AbandonmentAbstract
Dalla caduta del regime comunista, l'Albania ha affrontato processi di trasformazione che hanno profondamente segnato sia i centri urbani che i territori rurali. Le aree rurali hanno subito un progressivo abbandono, in gran parte a causa dei radicali cambiamenti nel sistema economico e nello status della proprietà terriera agricola, con conseguente prolungata crisi nel settore. Basato sui concetti di paesaggio culturale e governance di rete, questo articolo conduce un'analisi dei potenziali storici, culturali, economici e territoriali delle aree rurali. La comprensione del territorio, della sua morfologia, della struttura degli insediamenti rurali e della loro evoluzione nel tempo, ha costituito la base per la ricerca finalizzata alla costruzione di un modello di sviluppo sostenibile. Le identità locali, le catene economiche storiche e la morfologia del territorio sono state identificate come i pilastri di una potenziale strategia di sviluppo mirata a ripristinare le vocazioni naturali del territorio. Lo studio si concentra sulla valle del fiume Drino nel sud dell'Albania, una regione complessa che ben esemplifica i processi demografici e le dinamiche di trasformazione degli ultimi decenni. Questo lavoro è iniziato con il progetto "100 Villaggi", supportato dal governo albanese e dall'Agenzia Nazionale per la Pianificazione Territoriale e ulteriormente ampliato grazie a una collaborazione con il Politecnico di Torino e l'ETH di Zurigo. Più recentemente, con un focus sullo spopolamento e l'abbandono, la ricerca è stata supportata dal progetto RIBA Lost and Found, promosso dal Politecnico di Milano.
Since the fall of the communist regime, Albania has faced transformation processes that have profoundly affected both urban centers and rural territories. Rural areas have undergone progressive abandonment, largely due to radical changes in the economic system and the status of agricultural land ownership, resulting in a prolonged crisis in the sector. Based on the concepts of cultural landscape and network governance, this article conducts an analysis of the historical, cultural, economic and territorial potentials of rural areas. Understanding the territory, its morphology, the structure of rural settlements and their evolution over time, has formed the basis for research aimed at building a sustainable development model. Local identities, historical economic chains and the morphology of the territory have been identified as the pillars of a potential development strategy aimed at restoring the natural vocations of the territory. The study focuses on the Drino River Valley in southern Albania, a complex region that well exemplifies the demographic processes and transformation dynamics of recent decades. This work started with the project "100 Villages", supported by the Albanian government and the National Agency for Spatial Planning and further expanded through a collaboration with the Polytechnic University of Turin and ETH Zurich. More recently, with a focus on depopulation and abandonment, the research was supported by the RIBA Lost and Found project, promoted by the Polytechnic University of Milan.
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