An Uneasiness that Comes from Afar. Africo between the Earthquake of 1783 and the Flood of 1951
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR400Keywords:
Environmental History, Flood, Earthquake, Unhealthy Living Condition, New Settlement, storia ambientale, alluvioni, terremoti, igiene urbana, nuovi insediamentiAbstract
Nell’ottobre 1951 una terribile alluvione travolse Africo e la frazione di Casalinuovo. Fu un evento traumatico che spezzò il filo della storia di un paese. Nei mesi successivi l’attenzione si spostò sul futuro di Africo. Infine prevalse la scelta di spostare l’insediamento dalla montagna alla marina. L’intento di questo articolo è quello di riannodare le fila della storia che ha preceduto l’evento traumatico, risalendo fino al terremoto del 1783. Così facendo, l’evento del 1951 perde la valenza di una rottura improvvisa, ma piuttosto si giustifica come risultante di una serie di scelte operate nel corso degli ultimi due secoli con particolare enfasi sulla insufficiente risposta fornita di fronte ai danni causati dal terremoto del 1908. Un significato particolare assume l’indagine avviata da Umberto Zanotti Bianco, coadiuvato da Manlio Rossi Doria, dopo l’alluvione del 1927. L’attenta analisi delle condizioni socio-economiche e le soluzioni allora proposte per alleviare la difficile situazione esistenziale degli abitanti di Africo, avrebbe potuto fornire una diversa prospettiva per lo sviluppo del centro abitato.
In October 1951, a catastrophic flood devastated the communities of Africo and Casalinuovo. The event constituted a traumatic episode that disrupted the historical trajectory of the village. In the subsequent months, the focus of attention shifted to the future of Africo. Ultimately, the decision was made to relocate the settlement from the mountains to the sea. This article seeks to contextualise the preceding history, including the 1783 earthquake, against the traumatic event. In this way, the event of 1951 is no longer perceived as a sudden rupture; rather, it is seen as the culmination of a series of choices made over the past two centuries, with particular emphasis on the inadequate response to the damage caused by the 1908 earthquake. Of particular significance is the investigation initiated by Umberto Zanotti Bianco, assisted by Manlio Rossi Doria, after the 1927 flood. A detailed examination of the socio-economic circumstances and the proposed solutions to alleviate the challenging existential situation of Africo's inhabitants could have provided a different perspective for the town's development.
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