Small towns, ruins, monuments. Experiences and perspectives of research on abandoned historic centers in Italy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR245Keywords:
identity, design, conservation, restoration, participationAbstract
The conservation of abandoned urban sites, increasingly widespread all over the Italian territory and mainly along the mountain slopes, represents a complex cultural challenge which includes cultural, psychological, economic, technical, as well as aesthetic and social issues. While the sudden or progressive abandonment has guaranteed, in some ways, the preservation of authentic material values, at the same time the possibility of exploiting the places again through the restoration of architecture and the improvement of conditions of accessibility is functional also for the protection of the built heritage and the intangible values that characterize it.
Starting from this, the contribution focuses on a synoptic framework of interventions and strategies aimed at the redevelopment of partially or totally abandoned urban sites in Italy, concentrating attention on the goals of diverse choices for safeguarding historic heritage. The framework aims at defining an atlas of practices that, within the complex restorative approach, can provide useful cultural stimuli to calibrate interventions respecting the multiplicity of instances and values involved in historic heritage. Specific focus is, therefore, placed on the paradigmatic case of the abandoned village of Tocco Caudio near Benevento, the subject of a research program undertaken between 2012 and 2017 at the University of Naples Federico II, characterized by the construction of a “participatory” process of possible alternatives for intervention.
Borghi storici, rovine, monumenti. Esperienze e prospettive di ricerca sui centri storici abbandonati in ambito italiano
La conservazione di siti urbani in abbandono, sempre più diffusi sull’intero territorio italiano e principalmente lungo le pendici montuose, rappresenta una sfida culturale complessa nella quale rientrano istanze di ordine culturale, psicologico, economico, tecnico oltre che estetico e sociale. Se il repentino o progressivo abbandono delle architetture ha garantito, per certi versi, la conservazione della materia autentica e dei valori in essa contenuti, contestualmente la possibilità di fruire nuovamente dei luoghi, attraverso il restauro delle architetture e il miglioramento delle condizioni di accessibilità, diventa funzionale anche alla protezione del patrimonio costruito e dei valori immateriali che lo caratterizzano.
A partire da ciò, il contributo intende mettere a fuoco un quadro sinottico di interventi e strategie tese alla riqualificazione di siti parzialmente o totalmente abbandonati in ambito italiano, concentrando l’attenzione sugli obiettivi che sostanziano le scelte per la salvaguardia del patrimonio costituito. Tale indagine mira alla definizione di un atlante di pratiche che, entro il complesso approccio restaurativo, possa fornire stimoli culturali utili a calibrare gli interventi nel rispetto della molteplicità delle istanze e dei valori coinvolti in tale patrimonio storico. Uno specifico focus è rivolto, quindi, al caso paradigmatico del borgo abbandonato di Tocco Caudio nel Beneventano, oggetto di un programma di ricerca condotto tra il 2012 e il 2017 nell’Università di Napoli Federico II e contraddistinto da un processo “partecipato” di costruzione delle possibili alternative di intervento.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Valentina Russo; Stefania Pollone; Lia Romano

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