Destiny of Marginalization. The Role of Urban Policies in the Abandonment of the Historical Centre of Leonforte
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR302Keywords:
Leonforte, historic town, peripheral condition, urban policy, urban plansAbstract
The town of Leonforte was founded in the XVII century, when the Branciforti family obtained a licentia pupulandi for Tavi’s feudal territory. An ambitious urban plan based on a regular layout was developed along the tableland surrounding the north-western side of the Mount Cernigliere. Due to the narrowness of the plateau, the town progressively grew along in the opposite direction to its original centre, condemning the old district to an inexorable destine of peripheral condition.
Following modern living standards and in response to the citizens’ new requirements, starting from the Seventies, the historical centre experienced an ever-increasing process of abandonment. In the past, the building density and the street pattern favoured the development of retailing, housing and street activities. Currently, the older area lacks even the basic public services and it is almost depopulated. The decline of the historic core of the town has already resulted in a progressive disuse and disrepair of buildings and public space, thus threatening the whole urban heritage.
Nowadays Leonforte displays the antithetical phenomena of the abandonment of a significant part of the historical centre and the increasing urban sprawl in the suburban periphery. It is an interesting case-study in order to understand the role of urban policies and the responsibility of local authorities for tackling the effects of population decline and urban decay of a town’s historic core.
Un destino di marginalizzazione. Il ruolo delle politiche urbane nell’abbandono del centro storico di Leonforte
Leonforte fu fondata nel XVII secolo, quando la famiglia Branciforti ottenne una licentia pupulandi per il feudo di Tavi. Un ambizioso piano urbanistico basato su una maglia ortogonale venne sviluppato lungo l'altopiano che circonda il lato nord-occidentale del Monte Cernigliere. A causa delle ristrette dimensioni dell'altopiano, la città si è sviluppata nella direzione opposta al centro originario, condannando la zona storica a un inesorabile destino di periferizzazione.
In accordo con i moderni standard di vita e in risposta alle nuove esigenze dei cittadini, a partire dagli anni 70, il centro storico ha sperimentato un crescente processo di abbandono. In passato, la densità dell'edificato e l’assetto stradale favorivano lo sviluppo della vendita al dettaglio, della residenza e delle attività di strada. Attualmente, la zona più antica è priva dei servizi pubblici di base ed è quasi completamente spopolata. Il declino del nucleo storico della città ha già portato al progressivo deterioramento di molti edifici e spazi pubblici, mettendo a rischio l'intero patrimonio urbano.
Oggi Leonforte presenta i fenomeni antitetici dell'abbandono di una parte significativa del centro storico e della crescente dispersione urbana nelle zone periferiche e rappresenta un caso studio interessante per comprendere il ruolo delle politiche urbane e la responsabilità delle autorità locali nell’affrontare gli effetti della flessione demografica e il grave declino del centro storico di una città.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Maria Rosaria Vitale, Antonella Versaci

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