Territories of Abandonment. The Central Apennines and Uncultivated Countryside
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR233Keywords:
Abruzzo, Agricultural landscape, Inland areas, Peri-urban areas, Tradition/InnovationAbstract
According to the data of CREA (Council for Agricultural Research and analysis of the Agrarian Economy) more than one third of the Italian territory is covered in woods, with an acceleration of 5.8% in the last decade. Of the 66,000 hectares that are generated on average per year, only a marginal quota is due to reforestation. Spontaneous reforestation has been seen mostly on plateaus and hills.
In Abruzzo, INFC inspections (Inventario nazionale delle foreste e dei serbatoi forestali di carbonio - National Inventory of forests and forest carbon reserves) conducted in 2005 ascertained a forest surface (42%) superior to the national average.
The source of this increase phenomenon of natural heritage is the progressive abandonment of traditional activities with a progressive reduction of inhabitants and cultivated fields. Along the hill slopes, processes of selective consolidation, intensification and crop specialization are taking place. The steepest hill sides are marked by uncultivated areas or are the sign of generational passages with little fields but extensive division of the farmland or the progressive coastal-valley extension of the city. ISTAT (National Institute of Statistics) points out that in twenty years (1990-2010) the cultivated soil in the region for productive purposes diminished by more than half (-57%).
This contribution intends to agree with the thesis that the complex geography transforming the open spaces today shows variable geometries in the use of the soil and the resources used.
Territori dell’abbandono. L’Appennino centrale e la campagna incolta
Secondo i dati del CREA (Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria) nel 2015 i boschi coprono più di un terzo del territorio italiano, con un’accelerazione del 5,8% nell’ultimo decennio. Dei 66.000 ettari che si generano in media in un anno, solo una quota marginale è relativa a opere di rimboschimento. La forestazione spontanea ha interessato soprattutto gli altipiani e le colline.
In Abruzzo, la rilevazione INFC (Inventario nazionale delle foreste e dei serbatoi forestali di carbonio) nel 2005 accerta una superficie forestale (42%) superiore alla media nazionale.
A fronte di questo fenomeno di accrescimento del patrimonio naturale, l’Appennino centrale è stato progressivamente interessato dall’abbandono delle attività tradizionali con la progressiva riduzione di abitanti e campi coltivati. Lungo i versanti collinari sono in atto processi selettivi di accorpamento, intensificazione e specializzazione colturale. Le aree incolte marcano i versanti più acclivi o segnalano i passaggi generazionali dei campi del piccolo ma esteso appoderamento oppure l’attesa della progressiva estensione della città costiero-valliva. I rilevamenti Istat evidenziano che in venti anni (1990-2010) il suolo utilizzato nella regione a fini produttivi si riduce di più della metà (-57%).
Questo contributo intende dare ragione della complessa geografia delle trasformazioni dello spazio aperto che mostra, all’oggi, geometrie discontinue negli usi del suolo così come nelle sue risorse insediative.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Ottavia Aristone; Angela Cimini

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