Craco, a Medieval Village. The “Re-invention of Places” Throughout new Forms of Anthropization and Museum Display
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR266Keywords:
Historical centers, ruins, knowledge, conservation, enhancementAbstract
In an age like the present one, marked by a growing sensitivity towards the issues of recovery and enhancement of minor historical centres, abandoned or in the process of depopulation, the case study of the medieval village of Craco is a practical example of the settlements in Lucania affected by this phenomenon. In 1963 a landslide undermined the survival of the village, so much to cause a progressive depopulation and transfer of all the inhabitants in the nearby village of Peschiera. A condition of geographic marginality, together with the state of decay of the village, now deprived of its original vocation and constant maintenance, has become an attractive note for an ever-increasing number of visitors. In 2013, the Scenographic Park of the ruins was established in Craco, which determined the securing of part of its buildings along a well-defined itinerary to secure part of its buildings along a welldefined itinerary. The precarious geological nature of the site makes the hypothesis of a complete recovery of the settlement unthinkable. Towards a valid proposal for conservation and enhancement of the village has been undertaken, whose results made it possible to formulate Guidelines, weighted between the two current antithetical visions: a positive one that considers possible the recovery, at least partial, of the built environment through new forms of anthropization, and a more cautious one looking to a museum display for tourists.
Il borgo medievale di Craco: la “reinvenzione dei luoghi” tra nuove forme di antropizzazione e musealizzazione
In un’epoca come quella attuale, contraddistinta da una crescente sensibilità verso le tematiche del recupero e della valorizzazione dei centri storici minori in abbandono o in via di spopolamento, il caso studio del borgo medievale di Craco rappresenta un esempio pragmatico delle realtà insediative lucane interessate dal fenomeno. Nel 1963 una frana ha minato la sopravvivenza del borgo, causando un progressivo spopolamento e trasferimento dell’intero abitato nella vicina località di Peschiera. La condizione di marginalità geografica e l’attuale stato decadente del borgo, privato della sua originaria vocazione e sottratto ad una costante manutenzione, ha finito per divenire la nota attrattiva per un sempre maggior numero di visitatori. A partire dal 2013 è stato istituito a Craco il Parco Scenografico dei ruderi che ha determinato la messa in sicurezza di una parte dei suoi edifici lungo uno studiato itinerario di visita. La precaria natura geologica del sito rende impensabile l’ipotesi di un completo recupero dell’insediamento. In vista di una valida proposta di conservazione e valorizzazione del borgo è stato intrapreso un iter conoscitivo i cui risultati hanno permesso di formulare attuabili Linee-guida di intervento, ponderate tra due attuali antitetiche visioni: quella possibilista che ritiene praticabile la strada del recupero, almeno parziale, dell’abitato mediante nuove forme di antropizzazione, e quella più cauta che propende per la musealizzazione ai fini turisti.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Rossella de Cadilhac; Maria Antonietta Catella

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