Servandoni, il Vitruvius Britannicus e le fonti inglesi nell’architettura dei Paesi Bassi austriaci
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14633/AHR465Keywords:
Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, Vitruvius Britannicus, Accademia Militare Reale di Bruxelles, neopalladianesimoAbstract
Questo articolo esplora la diffusione del neopalladianesimo inglese nei Paesi Bassi austriaci attraverso il Vitruvius Britannicus. Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, formato in Inghilterra (1747–1751), traspose i modelli inglesi in progetti prestigiosi, come l’Accademia Militare Reale di Bruxelles e i castelli e palazzi delle famiglie d’Arenberg e d’Ursel, per una clientela aristocratica sensibile al “gusto antico”. La sua opera combina influenze francesi e inglesi e si distingue dalla produzione locale. Laurent-Benoît Dewez, formato a Roma e Londra, applicò anch’egli questo linguaggio, in particolare al castello di Seneffe, fondendo neopaladianesimo e barocco romano. L’influenza inglese rimane tuttavia limitata e simbolica, riservata a un’élite sociale. Louis Montoyer, allievo di Dewez, diffuse più ampiamente questo vocabolario al suo ritorno dall’Inghilterra (1787), integrando serliane e motivi palladiani nella sede del Consiglio di Governo e nell’ospedale di Vilvoorde. Servandoni, Dewez e Montoyer illustrano la circolazione e l’adattamento del palladianesimo inglese, rivelando un linguaggio architettonico importato, élitario e prestigioso, che plasmò l’architettura dei Paesi Bassi meridionali nel XVIII secolo.
Servandoni, the Vitruvius Britannicus, and English Sources in the Architecture of the Austrian Netherlands
This article explores the diffusion of English neo-Palladianism in the Austrian Netherlands through the Vitruvius Britannicus. Jean-Nicolas Servandoni, trained in England, transposed English models into prestigious projects, such as the Royal Military Academy in Brussels and the castles and palaces of the Arenberg and Ursel families, for an aristocratic clientele attuned to the “antique taste”. His work combines French and English influences and stands out from the local production. Laurent-Benoît Dewez, trained in Rome and London, also applied this language, notably at Seneffe Castle, blending neo-Palladianism with Roman Baroque. English influence, however, remained limited and symbolic, reserved for a social elite. Louis Montoyer, a pupil of Dewez, more broadly disseminated this vocabulary upon his return from England (1787), integrating Serlianas and Palladian motifs in the Government Council’s hôtel and the Vilvoorde hospital. Servandoni, Dewez, and Montoyer illustrate the circulation and adaptation of English Palladianism, revealing an imported, elite, and prestigious architectural language that shaped the architecture of the Southern Netherlands in the eighteenth century.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dirk Van de Vijver

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